Table 1 nominal composition of nickelcontaining alloys used in chlorine, hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid systems. Stainless steels are corrosion resistant materials that contain a small amount of carbon usually 0. The sufficient corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties. Pdf corrosion resistance of some stainless steels in chloride. Pdf stainless steels are widely used as structural materials even in aggressive. Protection from biological hazards may be simple or complex dependent on. Lane 2010 showed that concretes containing slag cement have a lower diffusion coefficient than those with class f fly ash.
Chloride corrosion threshold of reinforcing steel in alkaline. Chemical resistance guide everything inside the fence. Request pdf threshold chloride concentrations of selected corrosion resistant rebar materials compared to carbon steel the threshold chloride concentration for solid type 316ln uns s31653. Some chlorides are chemically bound in the cement hydration products typically cements with higher c 3 a tricalcium aluminate content and hydration products of supplementary cementitious materials. Corrosion resistant alloys cras in the oil and gas industry. Although scms are used to reduce permeability, their effect on the chloride diffusion coefficients can vary for different mix designs lane, 2010. Corrosion resistant material an overview sciencedirect topics. Cpvc chlorinated polyvinyl chloride class 23447b, formerly. Wei steel and aluminium r and d department, china steel corporation, hsiao kang, kaohsiung, taiwan. Corrosion resistant materials and coatings for installations where extreme corrosive fumes are encountered, hartzell fiberglass fans give unsurpassed resistance to the great majority of corrosive elements at a cost substantially below that of corrosion resistant metals. The corrosion data in this section is mainly based on the results of general corrosion laboratory tests, which are not strictly comparable with actual service conditions. Depending on the process conditions, corrosion by co2 and h2s, chloride induced localised pitting or crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking andor h2sinduced sulphide stress cracking may be. Absdwv is very resistant to a wide variety of materials ranging from sewage to commercial household chemical formulations. Chloride limits are expressed on the basis of chloride ion cl.
Ammonium chloride c a c a c d a d c d d a a b a a b a b a a a a. The chapter will describe the corrosion characteristics stainless steels for sus630, stainless steels are used in countless diverse applications for their corrosion resistance. Suffix a refers to the highest chemical resistance rating. The behaviour of a number of corrosionresistant alloys in chloride solutions, in hankss physiological solution simulating the extracellular body fluids and as surgical implants has been investigated by electrochemical means, namely potentialtime curves for isolated specimens, potentialcurrent density curves for anodes, and current densitytime curves for anodes maintained. Chemical compatibility chart metallic materials used in. In these cases, we recommend consulting with the flowserve materials engineering department. Many factors, including temperature, concentration and mechanical load, can influence. Resistance to ferric chloride corrosion engineering. Standard test methods for chloride ion in water1 this standard is issued under the. The following table gives recommended materials for chemically resistant gloves for work involving a variety of chemicals.
Materials considered include steels, stainless steels, nickelbase alloys, copperbase alloys, titanium, zirconium and tantalum. Page 2 chemical resistance chart aluminum chloride beer 302 stainless steel 304stainless steel 316 stainless steel 440 stainless steel um anium y c e ass cast iron carbon steel kynar ype 1 ygon e3606 eflon yl acetal nylon cycolac abs ylene opylene n carbon ceramic gnet a on una n nitrile silicon neoprene ylene epm al xy. The particular application for which stainless steel will be used determines the type and grade of stainless steel. Coleparmer has no knowledge of possible effects beyond this period. Pvdf polyvinylidene fluoride is a strong, abrasion resistant thermoplastic with excellent heat stability and chemical resistance typical of fluorocarbon polymers. This level of chloride is considered to be the limit for the 188 alloys, particularly if crevices are present.
Highperformance alloys for resistance to aqueous corrosion. Ratings of chemical behavior listed in this chart apply at a 48hr exposure period. If a material is chemically resistant to the concentrated form of a specific chemical, it should be resistant to the diluted form of that same chemical. Testing chloride penetration resistance of concrete. Coleparmer does not warrant neither express nor implied that the information in this chart is accurate or complete or. Threshold chloride concentrations of selected corrosion resistant rebar materials compared to carbon steel m. Resistance to ferric chloride edstainless materials 11 mar 11 14. Chloride salts are susceptible to high corrosion rates in the presence of moisture and oxygen. The following materials descriptions are of a general nature.
In late 2003, it became nace mr0175 iso 15156, petroleum and natural gas industries materials for use in h 2. Chemicalpotentialrangeformeter materials ss c22 titanium tantalum 316l unacceptable use highnickelbased alloy use 316l. Titanium is immune to corrosive attacks by saltwater and broad range of corrosive gases, acids and alkalis. Table 1 lists some nickelcontaining alloys commonly in use, and their uns number. Chlorides are particularly corrosive compounds to many metals. In rural atmospheres, virtually all stainless steels will give completely satisfactory service in terms of atmospheric corrosion resistance. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. We cannot assure the perfect performance of the materials as that depends on many factors as working pressure, pressure picks, fluid, ambient temperature, fluid temperature, concentra. Pittingresistant alloys in highly concentrated chloride. The ratings for these materials are based upon the chemical resistance only.
Corrosion resistant alloys cras in the oil and gas. Acid, hydrochloric hydrogen chloride nr nr a nr q a nr nr nr nr a a a acid, hydrocyanic prussic a a a a a a nr. Such resistance however, is a function both of temperatures and concentration, and there are many reagents which can be handled for limited temperature ranges and concentrations. Titanium is resistant to dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, most organic acids, most chlorine gas, and chloride solutions. Material corrosion resistance guide fluid technology.
Chemical resistance chart acetaldehyde alcohols propyl. Corrosion mechanisms in chloride and carbonate salts. Layered composite material pipe may have chemical resistance that differs from the chemical resistance of the individual material. Absdwv is joined by solvent cementing or threading and can easily be connected to steel, copper, or cast iron through the use of transition fittings. Of primary interest are those materials which come in contact with the measuring medium. Corrosion resistant alloys cras in the oil and gas industry selection guidelines update 5 limitations of data in some cases the diagram limits presented are not nec. The corrosion tables provide an initial guide to the selection of materials and are intended to facilitate understanding of the different types of corrosion damage that can arise due to poor material selection. Resistance to ferric chloride corrosion engineering engtips. The materials shown below in boldface type are used in the construction of little giant chemical pumps. Corrosion tables the corrosion data in this section is mainly based on the results of general corrosion laboratory tests, which are not strictly comparable with actual service conditions.
Sulfide stress cracking nace mr01752002, mr0175iso. Hurley 1 center for electrochemical science and engineering, department of materials science and engineering, university of virginia, 116 engineers way, charlottesville, va 229044745. Ranking of materials in an electromotive force emf or galvanic series in a specific media will help determine the propensity of two materials for this type of corrosion. To compare the performance of hastelloy c276 alloy with that of other materials, it is useful to plot the 0. Also the ambient conditions must not be neglected where it is most important that humidity be considered. Chemical resistance chart overview use this chemical resistance list to help find the right chemically resistant sensor for your application. Alloy selection for service in chlorine, hydrogen chloride. Chemical resistance chart for concrete ambient temperature and maximum concentration apply, unless otherwise noted. Chemical resistance chart introduction corrosion and degradation depend on many parameters. Chloride ion concentrations and temperature limits for 316l figure 3.
Materials used in the pump and pumping systems must be chemically compatible. All chemical resistance data for polyvinyl chloride pvc contained within this manual has been provided, with written. Chemline should be consulted for material recommendations on specific applications. The following table gives recommended materials for chemicallyresistant gloves for work involving a variety of chemicals. The water solubility of many metal chlorides is relatively high, and because chloride is monovalent, it tends to stabilize suspensoid sols, thereby preventing the development of a protective corrosion product layer. Sulfide stress crackingnace mr01752002, mr0175iso 15156 650 te c h n i c a l the details nace mr0175, sulfide stress corrosion cracking resistant metallic materials for oil field equipment is widely used throughout the world. Purification techniques are extremely important to ensure good materials. The pitting resistance of a series of experimental stainless steels with varying amounts of nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, and nitrogen and a number of commercial stainless steels and nickel based alloys has been studied in highly concentrated chloride media. Chlorine resistance testing of crosslinked polyethylene page 2piping materials of 8 shifting chlorine equilibrium can be captured through the use of the oxidation reduction potential or orp 5. Polypropylene is joined by the electro fusion process, socketbuttir welding as well as mechanical joints. This information, based on experience to date, is believed to be reliable. Corrosion resistant materials stainless steel hastelloy inconel elgiloy carbon steel aluminum titanium brass aluminum bronze chemical 302 304 316 316l 316lvm c276 x750 12614. The farther apart the materials are in the series,the greater is the likelihood of attack of the less noble material.
Hightemperature chlorine corrosion of metals and alloys. Higher levels of chloride might cause crevice corrosion and pitting. Corrosive effects of chlorides on metals intechopen. Corrosion resistant material an overview sciencedirect. Not all chlorides in concrete contribute to corrosion. The corrosion chart in this bulletin is intended to be a guide to the selection of the proper corrosion resistant material for a given application. Corrosion resistance of different materials compound iron and steel cast iron ni resist 300 series stainless monel inconel incoloy copper lead aluminum nickel copper chloride f x f c a x copper cyanide a copper plating a copper sulphate x c a a a c a x creosote a a a a a a deoxidine a deoxylyle a diphenyl 300350 a di sodium phosphate 25%. Sulfide stress cracking nace mr01752002, mr0175iso 15156. The ratings are not a blanket recommendation or warranty, expressed or implied, for any of the materials. Coleparmer does not warrant neither express nor implied that the information in this chart is accurate or complete or that any material is suitable for any purpose. The information accuracy of these ratings cannot be guaranteed, nor is it a complete list due to the extensive area of this field. The 304 and 304l 188 stainless steel alloys have been utilized very successfully in fresh waters containing low levels of chloride ion of up to 100 ppm.
Pdf effect of ph and chloride concentration on the corrosion of. The behaviour of a number of corrosionresistant alloys in chloride solutions, in hankss physiological solution simulating the extracellular body fluids and as surgical implants has been investigated by electrochemical means, namely potentialtime curves for isolated specimens, potentialcurrent density curves for anodes, and current. Chlorine resistance testing of crosslinked polyethylene. Page 1 of 6 1 continuous long term exposure 2 short termintermittent exposure resistant to dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, most organic acids, most chlorine gas, and chloride solutions. Has outstanding resistance to a wide variety of chemical. Information regarding the chemical resistance of the unlisted materials is available on. Diffusion is controlled by concentration gradients of the free chlorides. Added consideration must be given to pump selections when the chemical is abrasive, viscous in nature, or has a specific gravity greater than 1.
Threshold chloride concentrations of selected corrosion. Journal of materials engineering and performance 22. Depending on the process conditions, corrosion by co2 and h2s, chlorideinduced localised pitting or crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking andor h2sinduced sulphide stress cracking may be. Threshold chloride concentrations of selected corrosionresistant rebar materials compared to carbon steel m. In the following graphs, the lines for c276 alloy are compared with those of two popular, austenitic stainless steels 316l and 254smo, and a lowermolybdenum nickel alloy 625, in hydrochloric and sulfuric acids. There are several classes of stainless steels with various mechanical properties, and their yield strength covers a wide range 200. The corrosion tables provide an initial guide to the selection of materials and are intended to facilitate understanding of the different types of corrosion. Not only is it widely encountered, but also it is very aggressive to the stainless steels. Material selection many variables characterize a corrosive environment i. Orp is a measure of a solutions ability to oxidize and captures all oxidizers present in. Page 1 of 6 1 continuous long term exposure 2 short termintermittent exposure pdf available in progress in materials science 97. Typical chloride concentration range for meter materials figure 2. Methylene chloride these corrosion data are mainly based on results of general corrosion laboratory tests, carried out with pure chemicals and water solutions nearly saturated with air the corrosion rate can be quite different if the solution is free from oxygen. Temperature pressure concentration impurities phvalue materials and surfaces characteristics joinings e.
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